If the Acropolis' complex was ancient Athens' soul and mind, Agora was ancient Athens' body and heart. Agora, Market, became the place in which the athenian democracy was nourished and born. There, at the central market of Athens, among temples and public buildings, Athenian citizens learned how to exchange opinions and political arguments.Within Agora, were brought together ancient Athens' religion, political emancipation and cultural development. Agora was the place in which free commercial activity promoted free public political dialogue.
Agora is located to the northwest of the Acropolis' hill. It started to function as Athens' market in 6th century B.C. From the beginning of its operation, many important buildings were established within its perimeter. It was after Cleisthenes' governance however that public and religious edifices were established in the heart of Agora. Bouleuterion, House of the council of citizens, Metroon, a building dedicated to the Mother Goddess, which was operating as the official archives of the city, were among them.
During Persian invasion in 480 B.C. Agora's buildings were destroyed. Pericles and his successors built new ones. Tholos, a circular building, which was used to host prytaneis, administrative heads of Athens, New Bouleuterion, which became the 'Parliament' of the city, the temples of Apollo Patroos, Apollo the Patrimonial, Zeus Phatrios, Zeus the protector of the Athenian phatries, Athena Phatria, Athena the protector of the Athenian phatries, were only few of the new buildings and temples that gave Agora back its glory and signified its importance for the city.